International Comparison: Gross Expenditure Versus Net Expenditure

The international ranking in cultural spending shifts with the elasticity of the definition used: for instance, the Australian definition is inclusive of zoo expenditure. In 1995-7, the Research Department of the Arts Council of England (ACE) conducted a comparison on the spending model of 10 countries with a high per capita cultural spending. To standardise the criteria used, cultural spending was restricted to manifestation of arts in the following areas: museums and art museums, music, opera, dance, visual arts (includ ing photography and public art), community art, festival and integrated entertainment, funding for literary creations and publications, and subsidies for movie
productions...